9mm Ammo Types Chart: Grain, +P and Subsonic
Every 9mm Luger load fits the same chamber. Here are seven 9mm ammo types sorted by job, with in-stock maker velocities and what SAAMI’s standard sets for 9mm and +P.
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Twist Rate Calculator: Will Your Bullet Stabilize in Your Barrel?
Free calculator: will your bullet stabilize in your barrel's twist? Don Miller's stability factor with weather and plastic-tip corrections, the twist you need for Sg...
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Reference charts built from primary sources: bullet diameters drawn to scale, recoil worked from SAAMI’s own formula, and what a caliber number really means.
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Accurate 1680 Uses: 20 Cartridges From Hornet to 500 S&W
Accurate 1680 is a fast spherical rifle powder with two jobs: small rifle cases and big magnum revolvers. Here are the 20 cartridges Hodgdon publishes data for, and where 1680 sits on the 2026 burn-rate chart.
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Shotgun Shot Size Chart: What Shot for Every Bird and Deer
Which shot size for which bird, in lead and steel, with the range each is built for, plus SAAMI’s pellet counts for 13 sizes and the places non-toxic shot is the law.
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How Far Can a Bullet Travel? Maximum Range by Cartridge
How far a .22 LR, a 9mm, a deer rifle, a slug and birdshot can carry, from the Army’s 2025 range-safety tables, Iowa’s official hunter course and Hatcher’s test firings. Plus what a bullet fired straight up does on the way down.
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Does Ammo Expire? Shelf Life, Storage and Warning Signs
Federal and Remington give properly stored ammo a 10-year shelf life, while SAAMI sets no age limit and judges a round by its condition. What ages ammo, how to store it, and the five signs a round should not be fired.
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Rifle Recoil Chart: Built From SAAMI’s Formula, Inputs Shown
No maker publishes recoil, so we computed it from SAAMI’s own formula — and printed every input beside every answer, so you can check the arithmetic.
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What Is a Caliber? The Number Is Not the Bullet
SAAMI uses the word “caliber” eight times and never defines it. What the number actually measures, why the bullet is always wider, and where the rule breaks.
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Rifle Caliber Chart: 26 Rifle Ammo Calibers Drawn to Scale
A .270 fires a .278-inch bullet and a 7.62×39 fires a .311. Twenty-six rifle cartridges drawn to scale from the SAAMI standard’s own dimensions.
